Superheater



FOPPOBY SUPERHEATER.

APrucAloN man ocn 29. 1918.

Patented 1161121119211 I Witwe/awo F. W. FOPPOBY.

SUPERVHEATER. APPLICATION man ocT.29. 1.91e. y1,401 ,063, Patented Dec.20, 1921.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Wmem@ @1Mo/mm3 F. w. FOPPOBY.'

SUPERHEATER. APPLICATION FILED OCI'n 29,l 1918.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

F. In. FOPPOBY.

SUPERHTERufV APPucATIoN FILED ocTn 29, 19:8.

Patented Deu. 20, 1921.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WHW/70% 364s 6mm,

www@ l WWW AF. W. FOPPOBY.

SUPEHHEATER.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 29| 1.918.

1,401,063. Patentea Dee.2o,192'1.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

' M @Howeu l UNITED sTATns FRANK W. FOPOBY, OF LAWS, CALIFORNIA.

SUPERHEATER.

moines.

Speccation of Letters Batent. Pagnijed De@ 20, 1921;

Application tiled october 29,1918; Serial No. 260,124.

To all 'whom t lmay concern:

Be it known that l, FRANK W. Fore-oni', a citizen of the United States,residing at Laws, in the county of lnyo and-State of California, haveinvented new and useful improvements in Superheaters, of which thefollowing is a specilication.

TheV object of the invention is to provide a super-heater constructionfor use in connection with locomotive, marine, stationary and otherengines in which tl e super-heating elements or units are amplyprotected against the direct heat of the furnace or fire-box while beingadapted tor efficiently perform their intended function, and wherein thepossibilityT ofcondensation within the superheating elements ori unitsis reduced to the minimum.

A. further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of thiskind wherein the heating units lareutilized to the bestradvantage so asto conserve the energy developed in the `lire-box to the utmost, and atthe same time to provide an apparatus which may be applied to alocomotive or other engine with the least possible alteration in theordinary and approved designs of such engines.

Further objects and advantagesV will ap.- pear in the course of thefollowing description, it being understood that changes in form,-proportion and detailed arrangement may be resorted to, particularly inadjusting the apparatus to engines of different types, and within thescope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of theinvention. y

In the drawings f Figure l is a central longitudinal sectional view ofan apparatus embodying the invention applied to a locomotive engine;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the fire-box on the planeindicated by the line 2 2 of Fig, 1;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view, partly broken away, of amodified constructionwherein the lower longitudinal conductor is locatedoutside of the boiler barrel;

Fig. 4t is a transverse .sectional view on the plane-indicated by theVline 1 -4 of Fig. 3;Y Y

Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectionalview on 'ipe plane indica-tedy by theline 5-5 of Fig. 6 is a view showing the construction andy relationbetween thel cut-oli valve, lo-

catedV in the smoke-box andthe operating valve which is located in thecab when the apparatus is used in connection with a locomotive engine; i

F ig. '7 is a detailed view showing the manner in which the tubes `ofthe super-heating elements or units are embedded in the masonry orbrick-work at the walls of the firebox or combustion chamber;

Jlig. Sis a detailed viewshowing the joints tubes and the flue sheet;

Fig. 9 is a detailed view showing an effi,- cient means wherebyconnection between a super-heater element orunit and a manifold maybeeffected; M j f Fig.' l0 is an elevation showing the application of thesuper-heater apparatus to it stationary engine and indicating,` thewater Connection whereby-the elements or units of the super-,heater maybe lilled with water between the extremities of the conductor from theboiler, when starting the engine,so

as to expedite the operation-0f raising Steam. f

Referring more particularly to the construction illustrated in Figi l,but applicable fj also in general features to that shown `in Fig. 3, aconductor 20 is arranged in ycommunication with the dome 2l of theboiler 2.2, and is connected within thesmolre-box 23 with a dependingpipe 2e which in turn is in communication by means of an elbow 25 with alongitudinal concuctor 26 extending through. the barrel the boiler andin turn Vis connected vat its rear I'end with a f manifold 27. manifoldare `the terminals of the tubular elements or units 28,which may belooped 4oa-ck and forth any desirednumber of times,

crossing the side and end walls of the lirebox or combustion chamber 29,and finally ln communication with this j in other words adjacent to theplane of the j rear flue sheet and as in referenceto the manifold 27just in advance ofthe forward leg- 31. of the boiler. The interior ofthefire-box or combustiony chamber'isprovided as in theV ordinary practicewith a lining of nre-brick orsimilar refractory material 32 in whichthemanifold and super-heater elements or units are embedded ashereinafter more fully explained while ooi'mectedwith the manifold 3()in a manner. similar tothat j 7 i i l m c explained and shown Withreference to the manifold 2'7fis a longitudinal conductor 33 extendingforward to and communicating with the pipe 34 by'which the super-heatedsteam is conveyed to the engineV cylindersor-l other means by which theenergy is. utilized. Located in this conduit outlet or steam conductoris a cut-off Valve', indicated in detail in Fig. 6 and hereinatterzmorefully described. Also in communication with the Y saturated steam pipe24l and the superheated steam pipe 33 are outlets en and 37 With Whichcommunication may-be made by a circulating pipe, such as is ordinarilyemployed in connection with locomotives and 'leading into the cab forthe purpose of supplying steam in the operation of the blower. Theobject in making the connection of the circula-ting pipe with thesuper-heating system in the manner indicated is to insure-a circulationthrough the super-neating Vapparatus lwhen steam is admitted to andtrointhe circulating pipe, as when the engine is not working; and the cut-offvalve Srhas been closed, so as to guard against the accumulationpressure and admission of, same to "the cylinders when the -circulatingsystem isused. Y

In the construction illustra-ted in Figs. r3V

and4 the super-heater is composed of the same elements as abovedescribedythe only essential' difference in arrangement being that themain conduct-ors 26- and located exteriorlyroi' the barrel of the'boiler instead 'of extending therethrough as Vshown anddescribed YWithreference to' the form' illustrated inFigS. 1 and 2, but theConstrucxtion'ot Fig. 1 is preferable under ordinary Y ter Vto effectconditionsfor the reason that the .rislr of condensation dueV to coolingof" the conductors `is thereby minimized l Y Preferably the conductors26 and 33 e5:- tend through casing tubes 38 and 39 which are arrangedlongitudinally with reference to the boiler and inthe construction'illustrated in "Figs, l and 2 are terminally attached lto thellnepsheet. ln Fig. 8 there' is illustrated suitable means for mountingthese casing tubesythe same embodying anV f interiorly threaded thimble40 'which is iriveted tothe iner surface of the rear luesheet Vand hastherear end ot the heating tube threaded thereinto, and athimble 41 alsointeriorlythreaded which issecured by bolts or rivetsto theexterior'surface ofthe-front flue sheet, the opening of the front sheetbeing-larger than that of the rear sheet so that the casing may beextended through the former' in orderto eliect 'engagement with thelatter. This method yof mounting the casing;tubes is desirable becauseof the dill.- Vculty of expanding tubes of required diamesheet.A o

Also in Fig. 9 there is shown a'convena water-tightjoint with thelluesuper-heater elements or units may be connected with the manifolds. thelatter' having so'clret. openings 42Vin which are seatedlthe extremitiesof said elements or'units, clamping plates 43 engaging the elements andheld in place by yolres or stirrups 44Kengaged by nuts 45. f

The lrefractory Walls of the tire-box or combustion chamber lareYpreferably Vconstructed of bricks or blocks shown in detail in Fig. Thaving grooves or seats .46 formed therein preferably in the course ofmolding the same, and this arrangement serves not only to effec-tuallyVprotect the tubes from the direct heat ot the interior of. the furnacebut .prevents theA destructive. and disadrantageous jarring of thetubes'or elements in the movement of the engine, and moreover saidelements vorunits thereby Vconstitute ameans or keying thebriclrs orblocks constituting the Wall, so thatv the elementsor units ofthesuper-heater 'and the units or .elements ot the refractory Wall aremutually protective latter whichv would directly expose the tubes isreduced to the minimum.

rllhe cut-oliE valve which is preferably used in this conneotion'tocontrol the Vcoinmunication ofthe super-heated steam' to the enginefromV the super-heating apparatus is indicated in detail inFig. G andembodies the valve proper 47 to thestem- 48 oli which is connectedapiston 49 operating'in a cylinder 50,"a valve opening spring 51 beinglocated in the cylinder'and exerting ,a normaltendency to open thevalve.V Connected with the cylinder oi the cut-off Valve, asalso shownin Fig.V V(h by meansot a `tube 52 is a cylinder 53 of an operatingValve haying a -valve piston 54 provided With suitable packing rings55.v 4rilso in communication with the cylinder loff the operating Valveis a feed pipe 56 leading from the boiler orV in communication with theabove mentioned Vcirculating pipe so that When't ie' Valve piston 54 isin the positionindicated in Fig. 6 the boiler pressure is communicatedthrough the cylinder 53 and the tubes 52 to the piston in the cylinder50 oi? the cut-oli valve to maintain the lat-ter in its closed position.Extending from the Aconnecting tube 52 to the opposite endet thecylinder 53. is an exhaust by-pass 57,V and communicating With theadjacent end ot said cylinder 53 is an exhaust 58.1` Also in connectionwith the stem 59 of said yalv'e' piston is the throttle lever 60 withaninterposed tension spring 61. When the engineer operates' the lever tomove the throttlejrod locking said' leverV tension tograduallyadvancesaid valve pisi ton 54; Qbviously When said element has lie advanced inone direction sufliciently to close the steam pipe 52 and open theexhaust, the cylinder 50 under the influence of the re turn spring 5lwill discharge the pressure in said cylinder 50 through the feed pipe 52and by-pass 57 to the exhaust 58. It has been found in practice that anarrangement of this character is necessary in order to effect the properoperation of the cut-off valve in view super-heating apparatus and thepossibility of an accumulation of water of condensation.

In Fig. l0 there is illustrated a general view of a stationary engineboiler having a super-heating apparatus substantially as hereinabovedescribed including the manifolds 642, inlet and outlet conveyers 65 and66 and super-heater elements or units 67, said manifolds and heaterelements being em bedded in the refractory walls 68 of the furnace. Inthis construction it is found desirable to provide a water communicatingpipe 69 having a suitable cut-off 70 extending from the boiler' 71 toone of the conductors leading to the manifold, so that in startthefurnace after a shut-down water may be permitted to enter thesuper-heater apparatus including the manifolds and connecting elementsor units as a means of more rapidly heating the contents of the boiler.When the proper temperature in the boiler has been attained, the watercommunicating pipe 69 may be cut olf and the water drained out of thesuper-heater apparatus so that the latter may perform its primaryintended purpose of obtaining the saturated steam from the upper portionor dome of the boiler andconverting it into super-heated steam bypassing from one conductor to the other through the super-heaterelements or units embedded in the walls of the furnace or lirebox.

From the foregoing description it will be obvious that a super-heaterapparatus of this type may be readily built into or applied to an engineor boiler construction already in use Without materially affecting theordinary construction and arrangement of the parts. In fact in so far asstationary enf the pressure due to the' gines are concerned, no changewhatsoever in the essential parts thereof is necessary. in so far as alocomotive engine is concerned the only changes involve the introductionof the conductors and the positioningof the manifolds a id thesuper-heater elements or units in the specially prepared refractorywalls, briclrs or blocks.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed is In combinationwith a locomotive engine boiler, a super-heating apparatus comprisingreceiving and discharging mani-v folds and connecting elements, orunits, located within the fire-box or combustion chamber, saturated andsupersheated steam conductors in communication respectively with saidmanifold and also in communi cation respectively with the steam dome ofthe boiler and the steam supply pipe, and extending longitudinally ofand through the boiler incasing tubes surrounding the portions ofV saidconductors within the boiler and terminally attached to and supported bythe forward Vand rear iiue sheets, said tubes being terminally threadedexteriorly, and tubular interior sockets attached respectively to saidforward and rear flue sheets and having their flanges securedrespectively to the inner and outer surfaces of said sheets.

2. In combination with an engine having a boiler and terminally arrangedsmoke-box and 'fire-box, a super-heating apparatus having manifoldsarranged within the fire-box and respectively in communication with thesteam space of the boiler and the steam supply pipe, super-heaterelements or units connecting said manifolds and* disposed adjacent tothe walls of said fire-boX, and a refractory firesbox lining consistingof bricks or blocks disposed in the planes of said elements or units andhaving registering seats for the reception thereofV whereby the elementsor units are embedded in the lining and the bricks or blocks of thelatter are keyed by the elements or units of the superheater.

In testimony whereof I affix 1n signature.

. FRANK W. FOIPOBY.

